The Sacred Cloth: Understanding Rumala Sahib

Introduction

Rumala Sahib refers to the decorative cloth used to cover the Guru Granth Sahib when it is placed in the Gurdwara or a Sikh home. It is similar to the way a king or an honored individual is draped in fine garments as a sign of respect and honor. The Rumala Sahib serves both functional and symbolic purposes:

• Respect and Protection: Covering the Guru Granth Sahib protects it from dust, sunlight, and other environmental factors.

• Symbol of Devotion: The act of offering a Rumala Sahib is an expression of devotion and love towards the Guru.

• Tradition and Aesthetics: The beautifully embroidered and well-maintained Rumalas add to the grandeur of the sacred scripture.

Historical and Cultural Significance

The tradition of adorning the sacred scripture with a cloth dates back to the time of the Sikh Gurus. During Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s time (the fifth Guru), the Adi Granth (an earlier compilation of Guru Granth Sahib) was compiled and enshrined in the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple). Even then, it was covered with fine fabrics as a sign of reverence.

Over time, as Sikhism spread, the tradition of Rumala Sahib became more established, and devotees began offering Rumalas as an act of seva (selfless service). Today, it remains a crucial part of Sikh practices, with devotees often donating Rumalas to Gurdwaras as an offering.

Design and Craftsmanship

Rumalas come in various designs, fabrics, and embellishments. While traditionally made from cotton or silk, modern Rumalas feature exquisite embroidery, gold or silver threadwork, and intricate patterns. The fabric choice depends on the season:

• Summer: Light cotton or muslin Rumalas are used to keep the Guru Granth Sahib cool.

• Winter: Heavier fabrics like velvet and silk provide warmth.

Gurdwaras, especially major ones like Harmandir Sahib, often receive intricately designed Rumalas adorned with decorative motifs, sometimes even embroidered with Ik Onkar (ੴ) or other Sikh symbols.

The Tradition of Offering Rumala Sahib

Offering a Rumala Sahib is a cherished tradition among Sikhs. Many families prepare special Rumalas on occasions such as:

• Birthdays

• Weddings

• Anniversaries

• Fulfilling a vow or ardas (prayer request)

• In memory of deceased loved ones

A Rumala Sahib is presented at the Gurdwara with great devotion. It is placed at the feet of the Guru Granth Sahib, and the Granthi (priest) ensures that it is used appropriately when needed.

Rituals and Seva Associated with Rumala Sahib

Sikhism emphasizes seva (selfless service), and caring for the Guru Granth Sahib is one of the highest forms of seva. This includes:

• Changing the Rumala Sahib: The Guru Granth Sahib is covered with fresh Rumalas at different times, especially during Prakash (morning opening ceremony) and Sukhasan (evening resting ceremony).

• Cleaning and Ironing: Volunteers wash and iron Rumalas regularly to maintain cleanliness and purity.

• Sukhasan Seva: At the end of the day, the Guru Granth Sahib is ceremonially put to rest in a designated room, and the Rumala Sahib plays a key role in this practice.

Contemporary Relevance

Even in modern times, the tradition of offering Rumala Sahib remains strong. With globalization, Sikhs from all over the world contribute intricately designed Rumalas to their local Gurdwaras or send them to historical Gurdwaras in India.

Additionally, online stores now offer customized Rumalas, allowing devotees to personalize their offerings with family names or religious inscriptions. Some communities have even initiated eco-friendly Rumala Sahib offerings, using sustainable fabrics and dyes.

Conclusion

The Rumala Sahib is more than just a piece of cloth; it is a representation of faith, devotion, and respect for the Guru Granth Sahib. It reflects Sikh values of seva, reverence, and artistic expression. Whether it is a simple cotton cover or an elaborately embroidered masterpiece, every Rumala Sahib holds deep sentimental and spiritual significance.

For Sikhs, the act of offering a Rumala Sahib is not just about donating a piece of fabric—it is about expressing gratitude, seeking blessings, and strengthening their connection with the Guru. This beautiful tradition continues to unite the Sikh community, reminding them of their rich heritage and unwavering faith.