Metal 3D Printing vs. CNC Machining for Aerospace and Medical Parts

Metal 3D printing and CNC machining are two advanced manufacturing methods used to produce high-performance aerospace and medical components.
Each technology offers unique advantages depending on geometry, volume, material requirements, and certification standards.

What Is Metal 3D Printing?

Metal 3D printing builds parts layer by layer from powdered metal using high-energy sources like lasers or electron beams.
Common processes include DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) and SLM (Selective Laser Melting).

Strengths:

• Produces complex, lightweight internal structures

• Reduces material waste by up to 90%

• Enables one-piece assemblies with internal channels

• Ideal for aerospace brackets, implants, and heat exchangers

For detailed capabilities, visit the metal 3D printer service page.

What Is CNC Machining?

CNC machining is a subtractive process that removes material from a solid block using precise, computer-controlled tools.

Strengths:

• Tolerances up to ±0.001 mm

• Excellent surface finish and dimensional repeatability

• Compatible with aerospace-grade and surgical-grade alloys

• Ideal for parts with high load requirements or smooth fits

How Do These Methods Compare for Aerospace Applications?

Comparison for Medical Manufacturing

Geometry and Design Flexibility

Metal 3D printing allows generative designs, internal channels, and complex topologies.
CNC machining excels in flat surfaces, bores, threads, and tight mating interfaces.

Use cases:

• 3D printing: Lightweight UAV mounts, spinal implants

• CNC machining: Valve housings, robotic surgical arms

Final Summary Table